Rulers: Kenya
Traditional polities
Note: This record deals with the two major coastal polities (Pate island, with its successor Witu, and Mombasa) and three major polities of the interior (Masai, Nandi, Wanga). Other known polities are very minor and the information is very sketchy.
Pate
1203 Pate sultanate independent from Kilwa Kisiwani
1858 former ruler founds Witu sultanate on mainland after
several abortive moves
1870 Pate state extinguished
Sultans (styled mfalume in Kiswahili)
- Nabahani dynasty -
1779 - 1809 Fumo Madi ibn Abi Bakr
1809 - 1813 Ahmad ibn Shaykh
1813 - 1818 Fumo Luti "Kipunga" ibn Fumo Madi
1818 - 18.. Fumo Luti ibn Ahmad
18.. - 1823 Bwana Shaykh ibn Fumo Madi (1st time)
1823 - 18.. Bwana Waziri ibn Bwana Tamu (1st time)
18.. - 18.. Bwana Shaykh ibn Fumo Madi (2nd time)
18.. - 1830 Bwana Waziri ibn Bwana Tamu (2nd time)
1830 - 1840 Fumo Bakari ibn Shaykh
1840 - 1856 Ahmad ibn Fumo Bakari
1856 - 1858 Ahmad Simba Balla ibn Fumo Luti
1858 - 1870 Shaykh Muhammad (not of Nabahani line)
Witu
27 May 1885 - 1890 German protectorate (Wituland)
Sultans (styled mfalume in Kiswahili)
- Nabahani dynasty -
1858 - 1888 Ahmad ibn Fumo Bakari
1888 - 1890 Fumo Bakari ibn Ahmad
1890 - 1891 Bwana Shaykh ibn Ahmad
1891 - 1893 Fumo `Umar ibn Ahmad (1st time)
1893 - 7 Jul 1895 vacant
7 Jul 1895 - ... Fumo `Umar ibn Ahmad (2nd time)
Mombasa
1502 Mvita (Kiswahili) or Manbasa (Arabic) sultanate
independent from Kilwa Kisiwani
1638 colonized by Portugal
1698 under Omani sovereignty
1728 colonized by Portugal
1729 under Omani sovereignty
1744 independent
24 Jun 1837 annexed by Zanzibar, later part of Kenya Protectorate
(i.e., the coastal strip nominally under
Zanzibari sovereignty)
12 Dec 1963 incorporated into independent Kenya
Rulers (title Wali [Liwali in Kiswahili])
- Mazari` (Wamazrui in Kiswahili) dynasty -
1782 - 1812 Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Mazru`i (b. 17... - d. 1814)
1812 - 1823 `Abd Allah ibn Ahmad al-Mazru`i (b. ... - d. 1823)
1823 - 1825 Sulayman ibn `Ali al-Mazru`i
1825 - Mar 1835 Salim ibn Ahmad al-Mazru`i (b. ... - d. 1835)
Mar 1835 - 1836 Nasur ibn Ahmad al-Mazru`i
1836 - 1837 Rashid ibn Salim al-Mazru`i (b. ... - d. 1839)
1837 - 24 Jun 1837 Khamis ibn Rashid al-Mazru`i (b. ... - d. af.1861)
Masai
187. Masai clans united
1888 included in British East Africa
1918 chiefdom abolished by the British authorities
Laibons¹ (after 1904 paramount chiefs)
187. - 1890 Mbatian (b. c.1820 - d. 1890)
1890 - 1911 Lenana
1911 - 1918 Segi
Nandi
184. Nandi clans united
1888 included in British East Africa (final submission in 1905)
Orkoiyois¹
184. - 186. Barsabotwo
18.. - c.1890 Kimnyole
c.1890 - ... Kuitatee
¹Both the Laibon and the Orkoiyoi were in origin only chief ritual leaders. Later they also became political and military leaders.
Wanga
16.. Kingdom of Wanga founded
1888 included in British East Africa
Kings (title Nabonga)
c.1850 - c.1882 Shiunda (b. ... - d. c.1882)
c.1882 - 1926 Mumia (b. c.1850 - d. 1948)