Rulers: Niger
Traditional polities
Note: There is a huge number of insignificant such polities. This record deals with only a few important ones. The most significant omission consists of the major Tuareg (Twareg = Tawariq = Kel Tamazhek) confederations. This record is in four parts: (A) Doso; (B) major Hausa states: Maradi and Damagaram (note that other Hausa states are partly in present-day Niger and partly in present-day Nigeria, as, e.g., Gobir; these are listed under Nigerian traditional polities); (C) the remnants of the Songhay empire, together with some break-off states; (D) the Berber Sultanate of Aïr.
Doso
Rulers (title Jermakoy)
1856 - 1865 Kossom
1865 - 1890 `Abdu
1890 - 1897 Alfa Atta
1897- 1902 Atiqu
1902 - 1913 Awta
1913 - 1924 Musa
1924 - 1938 Sa`idu
1938 - 19.. Mumuni
19.. - 19.. Sa`idu Isufu Sa`idu
Hausa states
Maradi
1807 Maradi state founded by the Hausa rulers evicted from the
Katsina state (see under Nigerian traditional polities)
by the Fulani jihad
Rulers (title Sarkin Katsina)
- Durbawa dynasty -
1807 - 1830 Dan Kasawa da Agwaragi
1830 - 1835 Rauda dan Magaji
1835 - 1842 `Umaru Dan Mari dan Gwozo
1842 - 1847 Binoni dan Agwaragi
1847 - 1850 Dan Mahedi dan Agwaragi
1850 - 1851 Dan Baura dan Agwaragi
1851 - 1873 Dan Baskore dan Rauda "Labran"
1873 - 1878 Barmu dan Dan Kasawa
1878 - 1880 Mazawaje da Dan Kasawa
1880 - 1882 Malam dan Dan Kasawa
1882 - 1887 Salao Mazallaji dan Dan Mahedi
1887 - 1890 Dan Kaka dan Dan Mari = Dan Gulbi
1890 Dan Dadi dan Binoni
1890 - 1892 Mijinyawa dan Barmu (1st time)
1892 - 1894 Naybo dan Dan Baura
1894 - 1897 Mijinyawa dan Barmu (2nd time)
1897 - 1898 Daci dan Binoni (1st time)
1898 Kure dan Malam (1st time)
1898 Daci dan Binoni (2nd time)
1898 Mijinyawa dan Barmu (3rd time)
1898 - 1904 Kure dan Malam (2nd time)
1904 Mahaman Burja dan Dan Mahedi
1904 - 1920 Kure dan Malam (3rd time)
1920 - 1922 `Ali Dan Kimalle dan Dan Mari
1922 - 1944 Dan Kolodo dan Malam
1944 - 1947 Mahaman Dan Baskore dan Kure
1947 - 2004 Mahaman Sani Dan Zambadi Buzu dan
Kure (b. 1911 - d. 2004)
1 Oct 2005 - 24 Jun 2021 Maremawa Ali Zaki (b. 1939 - d. 2021)
5 Nov 2022 - Ahmed Ali Zaki (b. 1969)
Damagaram
1731 Damagaram state (later capital Zinder) founded
Rulers (titles Sarkin Damagaram, Sultan)
1731 - 1746 Malam Yunus dan Ibram (b. c.1688 - d. 1746)
1746 - 1757 Baba dan Malam
1757 - 1775 Tanimun Babami
1775 - 1782 Asafa dan Tanimun (b. ... - d. 1782)
1782 - 1787 Abaza dan Tanimun
1787 - 1790 Mahaman dan Tanimun "Babu Tsaba"
1790 - 1799 Da'udu dan Tanimun
1799 - 1812 Amadu dan Tanimun "na Cihanza"
1812 - 1822 Saleman dan Tintuma (b. ... - d. 1831)
1822 - 1841 Ibram dan Saleman (1st time) (b. ... - d. 1851)
1841 - 1843 Tanimun dan Saleman "Baki Jataw,"
"Dari" (1st time) (b. c.1811 - d. 1885)
1843 - 1851 Ibram dan Saleman (2nd time) (s.a.)
1851 Mahaman Kace dan Ibram
1851 - 1880 Tanimun dan Saleman "Baki Jataw,"
"Dari" (2nd time) (s.a.)
1880 Kiyari dan Tanimun
1880 - 1885 Tanimun dan Saleman "Baki Jataw,"
"Dari" (3rd time) (s.a.)
1885 - 1893 Saleman "dan Aysa" dan Tanimun
"Karami"
1893 - 30 Jul 1899 Amadu dan Tanimun "May Rumji,"
"Kuren Daga" (b. ... - d. 1899)
30 Jul 1899 - 1906 Amadu "dan Basa" dan Tanimun
1906 - 1921 `Usman Bellama (regent)
1921 - 27 Feb 1923 vacant
27 Feb 1923 - 3 Sep 1950 Barma Mustafa
1950 - 1978 Sanda `Umaru dan Amadu (b. ... - d. 1978)
1978 - 9 Jul 2001 Abubakar `Umaru Sanda (b. 1950?)
26 Jul 2001 - Mamadu Mustafa (b. 1942?)
End of the Songhay Empire
The Songhay empire grew out of a polity that was formed in the Dendi region of present-day Niger. This polity flourished in present-day Mali and replaced the Mali empire as the major West Sudanese power; its capital was Gao. After being vanquished by incursions from Morocco, the Songhay state withdrew to its original location in the Dendi region, and is thenceforth often referred to as Dendi; but there is a continuity of rule, symbolized by continuing to use the Songhay name and the royal style askya. In addition to this remnant Songhay state, this record contains a small group of break-off polities.
Songhay
1901 state extinguished by the French colonial power
Rulers (title Askya)
*1700 - 1761 Hanga
1761 - 1779 Samsu Beri
1779 - 1793 Hargani
1793 Fodi Mayrumfa (1st time)
1793 - 1798 Samsu Keyna
1798 - 1805 Fodi Mayrumfa (2nd time)
1805 - 1823 Tomo
1823 - 1842 Bassaru Missi Ize
1842 - 1845 Bumi "Kodama Komi"
1845 - 1864 Koyze Baba
1864 - 1865 Koyze Baba Baki
1865 - 1868 Wankoy
1868 - 1882 Bigo Farma
1882 - 1887 Dauda
1887 - 1901 Malla
Tera
Rulers (title Askya)
... - ... Alazi
... - ... Abaza Alazi
... - ... Marunfa Alazi
... - ... Tafarma Alazi
... - ... Hamma Banakoy "Wabana"
... - ... Bukari Hamma
... - ... `Ali Hamma
*1880 - 1885* Gabilinga Hamma
18.. - 18.. Cinda Kolle
18.. - 1897 Ntambara Kolle
1897 - ... Kâu
... - 1919 Amaru `Ali Hoyrey
1919 - 1952 Hasan Dyallo "Pulo" (usurper)
1952 al-Sa`id Amaru
Kokoro
Rulers (title Askya)
... - ... Balma Farimonzon
... - ... Wijindi Balma
... - ... Zarma Wijindi
... - ... `Ali Zarma
... - ... Gelo-Fodi (regent)
... - ... Binga `Ali
... - ... Yahimonzon `Ali
... - ... Gunguban Yahimonzon
... - ... Bimbelo Yahimonzon
... - ... Duassu Yahimonzon
... - ... Sorko Yahimonzon
... - ... Bâuna Yahimonzon
... - ... Sogha Yahimonzon
... - ... Adama Yahimonzon (f)
... - ... Kodyo Yahimonzon (f)
... - 1899 `Alikar Duassu
1899 - ... Munkayla Bâuna
... - ... al-Husayni
Goruol
Rulers (title Askya)
... - ... Foni Keri
... - ... Alzuleyni
... - ... Mâan Alzuleyni
... - ... Arkussu Mâan
... - ... Foni-kori Arkussu
... - ... Alazi Foni (1st time)
... - ... Desseri Samsu (perhaps regent)
... - ... Alazi Foni (2nd time)
... - ... Musa Alazi
... (3 days) Mahamadu Surgho Alazi
... - ... Sambo Desseri
*1910 - 1916 Jibrilla Desseri
1916 - 19.. `Umaru Alazi
19.. - ... Surghia `Umaru
Dargol
Rulers (title Askya)
... - ... Duassu
... - ... Binga
... - ... Wankoy
... - 1891 Duassu
1891 - ... `Umaru Bani
The Berber Sultanate of Aïr
Note: There are considerable discrepancies in the available chronologies, some of which differ widely from the one chosen here.
1405 Aïr state founded
Rulers (titles Amenokal, Sultan)
1687 - 1721 Muhammad Agg-Abba ibn Muhammad
al-Mubarak
1721 Muhammad al-Amin ibn Muhammad
al-Mubarak (1st time)
1721 al-Wali ibn Muhammad al-Mubarak
1721 Muhammad al-Amin ibn Muhammad
al-Mubarak (2nd time)
1721 Muhammad al-Mu´min
1721 - 1722 `Uthman ibn Muhammad al-Mu´min
1722 - 1735 Muhammad Agg-`A´isha ibn Muhammad
Agg-Abba
1735 - 1739 Muhammad Humad ibn Muhammad
al-Mubarak (1st time)
1739 - 1744 Muhammad Guma ibn al-`Adil
1744 - 1759 Muhammad Humad ibn Muhammad
al-Mubarak (2nd time)
1759 - 1763 Muhammad Guma ibn `Uthman
1763 - 1768 Muhammad Humad ibn Muhammad
al-Mubarak (3rd time)
1768 - 1810 Muhammad al-`Adil ibn Muhammad Humad
1810 - 1815 Muhammad ad-Dani
1815 - 1816 Muhammad al-Baqiri
1816 - 1821 Muhammad Guma "Tabdali" (1st time)
1821 - 1828 Ibrahim Waffa
1828 - 1835 Muhammad Guma "Tabdali" (2nd time)
1835 - 1853 `Abd al-Qadir ibn Muhammad al-Baqiri
1853 - ... Ahmad ar-Raffa` ibn Muhammad Guma
(1st time)
... - ... Muhammad al-Baqiri "Sufu" (1st time)
... - ... Ahmad ar-Raffa` ibn Muhammad Guma
(2nd time)
... - ... Muhammad al-Baqiri "Sufu" (2nd time)
... - ... Ibrahim ad-Dusuqi ibn Ahmad
ar-Raffa` (1st time)
... - 1903 Muhammad al-Baqiri "Sufu" (3rd time)
1903 - 1907 `Uthman Mikitan ibn Abd al-Qadir
1 Aug 1907 - 1908 Ibrahim ad-Dusuqi ibn Ahmad
ar-Raffa` (2nd time)
1908 - 1917 `Abd ar-Rahman Taghama ibn
Muhammad al-Baqiri
1917 - 1920 Ibrahim ad-Dusuqi ibn Ahmad
ar-Raffa` (3rd time)
13 May 1920 - 1960 `Umaru Agg-Ibrahim
1960 - 21 Feb 2012 Ibrahim ibn `Umaru (b. ... - d. 2012)
2012 - `Umaru ibn Ibrahim